List and explain each of the ACID properties that collectively guarantee that database transactions are processed reliably.

ACID (Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability)

  • Atomicity. Atomicity requires that each transaction be “all or nothing”
  • Consistency. The consistency property ensures that any transaction will bring the database from one valid state to another.
  • Isolation. The isolation property ensures that the concurrent execution of transactions results in a system state that would be obtained if transactions were executed serially, i.e., one after the other.
  • Durability. Durability means that once a transaction has been committed, it will remain so, even in the event of power loss, crashes, or errors.

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