List and explain each of the ACID properties that collectively guarantee that database transactions are processed reliably.
ACID (Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability)
- Atomicity. Atomicity requires that each transaction be “all or nothing”
- Consistency. The consistency property ensures that any transaction will bring the database from one valid state to another.
- Isolation. The isolation property ensures that the concurrent execution of transactions results in a system state that would be obtained if transactions were executed serially, i.e., one after the other.
- Durability. Durability means that once a transaction has been committed, it will remain so, even in the event of power loss, crashes, or errors.